Health through life

 The essentials of Infertility Infertility is a male or female reproductive system disease characterized by the inability to achieve pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Millions of people of reproductive age worldwide are affected by infertility, which has an impact on their families and communities. According to estimates, 48 million couples and 186 million individuals worldwide suffer from infertility. Infertility in the male reproductive system is most commonly caused by problems with sperm ejection (1), sperm absence or low levels, or abnormal shape (morphology) and movement (motility) of the sperm. Infertility in the female reproductive system can be caused by a variety of abnormalities in the ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, and endocrine system, among other things. Primary or secondary infertility exists. A person has primary infertility if they have never had a pregnancy, and secondary infertility if they have had at least one prior...

  1. Introduction to Cellular Respiration and Energy Transfer Cell Respiration: The Energy Extraction Process To release energy from glucose molecules, most cells go through a metabolic process called cellular respiration. Cellular processes including muscular contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and protein synthesis require this energy. The Method A sequence of chemical events called cellular respiration converts glucose into carbon dioxide and water. Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is the main energy unit used by cells, and it stores the energy created during this process. Two primary forms of cellular respiration exist: Aerobic respiration: This process takes place when oxygen is present. It yields the most ATP and is the most effective method of obtaining energy from glucose. Anaerobic respiration: This takes place when there is no oxygen present. It generates less ATP and is less effective than aerobic respiration. Cellular Respiration Stages There are three primary pha...